This project aims to generate a fully-curated, quality-controlled and publically-available database on genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens. The novel database will form the basis of analysis of TTC distributions for cancer thresholds. The specific objectives of the research, in the context […]
There is a large body of literature published in peer-reviewed journals that report risk factors for breast cancer. Whilst studies continue to be reported that provide further evidence of an association between breast cancer incidence and established causal agents related […]
This project will examine the ways in which chemicals that cause cancer and genetic damage interact with structural elements in human cells known as cytoskeletal proteins. Because proteins play a key role in cell division, interfering with their functioning can […]
About one-half of chemicals tested for long-term health effects in laboratory rats and mice have been found to cause cancer. The accuracy of these tests in predicting human cancer risks needs to be fully understood, particularly for chemicals produced and […]
Highly reactive carbonyl compounds, aldehydes and ketones - found in a diverse range of natural and synthetic compounds - can cause cancer by damaging cell proteins and DNA. To help prevent this cells contain enzymes, which can break down these […]
Many environmental chemicals which have been shown to cause cancer in rodents have been implicated in human cancer. However, establishing cause and effect in humans is often impossible. Today, the only accepted test for human carcinogenicity is the two-year rodent […]
Skin cancers are very common in humans - with around one million cases/year in the US - and their development can be affected by stimulators of growth such as certain chemicals. Although initiation is clearly extremely important, clonal expansion (promotion) […]
Naturally-occurring and man-made chemicals are widespread in the environment. Predictions of human health risks are usually based on laboratory tests on animals such as rats and mice. Occasionally, cancer does occur in mice alone or in both rats and mice […]
Specific DNA adducts have been shown to cause gene mutations and carcinogenesis but despite extensive work the biological significance of DNA adduct levels in human populations is largely unknown, in part because all human tissues contain DNA adducts of varying […]
The common current assumption is that there is an essentially linear relationship between exposure to genotoxic chemicals, DNA lesion formation and the induction of mutagenic changes. A number of studies of DNA adduct induction indicate that such a linear relationship […]
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